Have you noticed faint or deep vertical lines running from the base to the tip of your fingernails? If so, you’re not alone — and you’re certainly not imagining it. These lines, often more noticeable with age, are commonly referred to as vertical nail ridges. For many people over the age of 40, they seem to appear out of nowhere and prompt questions about what might be going on beneath the surface.

The good news? In most cases, they’re harmless. But sometimes, these changes in your nails can be signs of deeper issues. Let’s take a closer look at why they happen, what they could mean, and how to care for aging nails to keep them strong and healthy.

What Are Vertical Nail Ridges?
Vertical ridges, also known as longitudinal striations, are raised lines that run from the cuticle (the base of the nail) to the tip. Some ridges are barely noticeable, while others can be felt clearly when you run your finger across the nail.

It’s a natural part of the body’s aging process. Just as skin starts to show wrinkles and hair begins to gray, the texture and structure of our nails also begin to change. Over time, the cells that form your nails — known as keratin-producing cells — may slow down or become uneven in their growth. This results in changes to how smooth your nails look and feel.

What Causes These Ridges After 40?
1. Natural Aging
As we grow older, our body’s ability to regenerate cells slows down. This includes the cells in the nail matrix, which is the base area of your fingernail where growth begins.

When nail cells don’t form as evenly or quickly as they once did, the surface of the nail can become less smooth, causing those visible ridges. For most people, this is not a cause for concern — it’s simply one of the many natural changes that occur with age.

2. Dryness and Dehydration
One of the less obvious effects of aging is a loss of moisture, not just in our skin but also in our nails. Drier nails tend to become more brittle and less flexible. This makes any existing ridges appear more prominent and can lead to cracking or peeling.